Psittacopasserae

Psittacopasseres; Julat zaman: ; Eocene Awal – Holocene, 54–0 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N Possibly an earlier origin based on molecular clock
	Ciak Rumah, Passer domesticus
	Parrot Kelabu, Psittacus erithacus
Pengelasan saintifik
Templat taksonomi hilang (baiki):	Psittacopasseres
Subtaxa
	†Vastanavidae; Psittacimorphae Huxley, 1867 ?†Messelasturidae; ?†Halcyornithidae; †Quercypsittidae; Psittaciformes; ; Passerimorphae Sibley et al., 1988 †Psittacopedidae; Parapasseres Mayr, 2015 †Zygodactylidae; Passeriformes; ; ;
Sinonim
	Psittacopasserae Suh et al., 2011

Psittacopasseres adalah satu taxon burung yang terdiri daripada Passeriformes (passerines, satu kumpulan besar burung-burung tenggek) dan Psittaciformes (parrot).^[3] Berdasarkan Ericson dan rakan-rakan beliau, semasa menganalisa genomik DNA, mendedahkan juraiannya terdiri daripada passerines, psittacines dan Falconiformes.^[4] Kumpulan ini dicadangkan berikutan jajaran susuan "nuclear intron" yang dibuat oleh Shannon Hackett et al. pada tahun 2008.^[5] Ia secara rasminya dinamakan sebagai Psittacopasserae dalam satu artikel Nature Communications pada tahun 2011 oleh Alexander Suh dan para pengarang lain yang berkerja dengan kumpulan Jürgen Schmitz^[6]

Kepentingan evolusi bunyi burung

Passerines terkenal sebagai burung siul (secara teknikal perkataan ini merujuk kepada klad passerines), dan parrot yang berkongsi kebolehan untuk meniru bunyi. Oleh itu menjadikan ia mampu membawa pelbagai bunyi, yang juga dimiliki oleh leluhurnya psittacopasseran.^[6]

Rujukan

^ Boles, Walter E. (1997). "Fossil songbirds (Passeriformes) from the Early Eocene of Australia". Emu. 97 (1): 43–50. Bibcode:1997EmuAO..97...43B. doi:10.1071/MU97004.
^ Kuhl., H.; Frankl-Vilches, C.; Bakker, A.; Mayr, G.; Nikolaus, G.; Boerno, S. T.; Klages, S.; Timmermann, B.; Gahr, M. (2020). "An unbiased molecular approach using 3'UTRs resolves the avian family-level tree of life". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 38: 108–127. doi:10.1093/molbev/msaa191. PMC 7783168. PMID 32781465.
^ Sangster, George; Braun, Edward L.; Johansson, Ulf S.; Kimball, Rebecca T.; Mayr, Gerald; Suh, Alexander (2022-01-01). "Phylogenetic definitions for 25 higher-level clade names of birds" (PDF). Avian Research. 13: 100027. Bibcode:2022AvRes..1300027S. doi:10.1016/j.avrs.2022.100027. ISSN 2053-7166.
^ Ericson, P. G. P.; Anderson, C. L.; Britton, T.; Elzanowski, A.; Johansson, U. S.; Källersjö, M.; Ohlson, J. I.; Parsons, T. J.; Zuccon, D.; Mayr, G. (2006). "Diversification of Neoaves: integration of molecular sequence data and fossils". Biology Letters. 2 (4): 543–547. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2006.0523. PMC 1834003. PMID 17148284.
^ Shannon J. Hackett; dll. (2008-06-07). "A Phylogenomic Study of Birds Reveals Their Evolutionary History". Science. 320 (5884): 1763–1768. Bibcode:2008Sci...320.1763H. doi:10.1126/science.1157704. PMID 18583609. S2CID 6472805.
^ ^a ^b Alexander Suh; dll. (2011-08-23). "Mesozoic retroposons reveal parrots as the closest living relatives of passerine birds". Nature Communications. 2 (8): 443. Bibcode:2011NatCo...2..443S. doi:10.1038/ncomms1448. PMC 3265382. PMID 21863010.

[boles97-1] Boles, Walter E. (1997). "Fossil songbirds (Passeriformes) from the Early Eocene of Australia". Emu. 97 (1): 43–50. Bibcode:1997EmuAO..97...43B. doi:10.1071/MU97004.

[Kuhletal2020-2] Kuhl., H.; Frankl-Vilches, C.; Bakker, A.; Mayr, G.; Nikolaus, G.; Boerno, S. T.; Klages, S.; Timmermann, B.; Gahr, M. (2020). "An unbiased molecular approach using 3'UTRs resolves the avian family-level tree of life". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 38: 108–127. doi:10.1093/molbev/msaa191. PMC 7783168. PMID 32781465.

[sanster-2023-3] Sangster, George; Braun, Edward L.; Johansson, Ulf S.; Kimball, Rebecca T.; Mayr, Gerald; Suh, Alexander (2022-01-01). "Phylogenetic definitions for 25 higher-level clade names of birds" (PDF). Avian Research. 13: 100027. Bibcode:2022AvRes..1300027S. doi:10.1016/j.avrs.2022.100027. ISSN 2053-7166.

[ericson2006a-4] Ericson, P. G. P.; Anderson, C. L.; Britton, T.; Elzanowski, A.; Johansson, U. S.; Källersjö, M.; Ohlson, J. I.; Parsons, T. J.; Zuccon, D.; Mayr, G. (2006). "Diversification of Neoaves: integration of molecular sequence data and fossils". Biology Letters. 2 (4): 543–547. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2006.0523. PMC 1834003. PMID 17148284.

[5] Shannon J. Hackett; dll. (2008-06-07). "A Phylogenomic Study of Birds Reveals Their Evolutionary History". Science. 320 (5884): 1763–1768. Bibcode:2008Sci...320.1763H. doi:10.1126/science.1157704. PMID 18583609. S2CID 6472805.

[Suh-6] Alexander Suh; dll. (2011-08-23). "Mesozoic retroposons reveal parrots as the closest living relatives of passerine birds". Nature Communications. 2 (8): 443. Bibcode:2011NatCo...2..443S. doi:10.1038/ncomms1448. PMC 3265382. PMID 21863010.

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Psittacopasseres Julat zaman: Eocene Awal – Holocene, 54–0 Ma^[1] PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N Possibly an earlier origin based on molecular clock^[2]

Ciak Rumah, Passer domesticus

Parrot Kelabu, Psittacus erithacus
Pengelasan saintifik
Templat taksonomi hilang (baiki):	Psittacopasseres
Subtaxa
†Vastanavidae Psittacimorphae Huxley, 1867 ?†Messelasturidae ?†Halcyornithidae †Quercypsittidae Psittaciformes Passerimorphae Sibley et al., 1988 †Psittacopedidae Parapasseres Mayr, 2015 †Zygodactylidae Passeriformes
Sinonim
Psittacopasserae Suh et al., 2011