Stephen dari England
Raja England
Stephen (lebih kurang 1092/6 – 25 Oktober 1154), sering dirujuk sebagai Stephen dari Blois (B. Perancis: Étienne de Blois) merupakan cucunda kepada William si Penakluk. Baginda adalah raja England dari tahun 1135 sehingga kemangkatannya dan juga adalah Count Boulogne bagi sebelah pihak isterinya.
| Stephen Étienne | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Raja England | |
| Pemerintahan | 22 December 1135 – April 1141 |
| Kemahkotaan | 26 Disember 1135 |
| Didahului oleh | Henry I |
| Diikuti oleh | Matilda (dipertikaikan) |
| Raja England | |
| Pemerintahan | November 1141 – 25 October 1154 |
| Didahului oleh | Matilda (dipertikaikan) |
| Diikuti oleh | Henry II |
| Keputeraan | lebih kurang 1092 atau 1096 Blois, Perancis |
| Kemangkatan | 25 Oktober 1154 Dover, Kent |
| Pemakaman | Biara Faversham, Kent |
| Raja permaisuri | Matilda I, Countess Boulogne |
| Anakanda | Eustace IV, Count Boulogne Matilda de Beaumont Marie I, Countess Boulogne Baldwin dari Blois William I, Count Boulogne |
| Kerabat | Wangsa Blois |
| Ayahanda | Stephen II, Count Blois |
| Bonda | Adela dari Normandy |
Bibliografi
sunting- Amt, Emilie. (1993) The Accession of Henry II in England: Royal Government Restored, 1149–1159. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press. ISBN 978-0-85115-348-3.
- Barlow, Frank. (1999) The Feudal Kingdom of England, 1042–1216. (5th edition) Harlow, UK: Pearson Education. ISBN 0-582-38117-7.
- Bennett, Matthew. (2000) "The Impact of 'Foreign' Troops in the Civil Wars of Stephen's Reign," in Dunn, Diana E. S. (ed) (2000) War and society in medieval and early modern Britain. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. ISBN 978-0-85323-885-0.
- Blackburn, Mark. (1998) "Coinage and Currency," in King, Edmund. (ed) (1998) The Anarchy of King Stephen's Reign. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-820364-0.
- Bradbury, Jim. (2009) Stephen and Matilda: the Civil War of 1139–53. Stroud, UK: The History Press. ISBN 978-0-7509-3793-1.
- Carpenter, David. (2004) Struggle for Mastery: The Penguin History of Britain 1066–1284. London: Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-014824-4.
- Chibnall, Marjorie. (2008) "Introduction," in Dalton, Paul and Graeme J. White. (eds) (2008) King Stephen's reign (1135–1154). Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press. ISBN 978-1-84383-361-1.
- Coulson, Charles. (1994) "The Castles of the Anarchy," in King, Edmund. (ed) (1998) The Anarchy of King Stephen's Reign. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-820364-0.
- Coss, Peter. (2002) "From Feudalism to Bastard Feudalism," in Fryde, Natalie, Pierre Monnet and Oto Oexle. (eds) (2002) Die Gegenwart des Feudalismus. Göttingen, Germany: Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht. ISBN 978-3-525-35391-2.
- Crouch, David. (1998) "The March and the Welsh Kings," in King, Edmund. (ed) (1998) The Anarchy of King Stephen's Reign. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-820364-0.
- Crouch, David (2000) The Reign of King Stephen, 1135–1154 Harlow: Longman. ISBN 582-22658-9
- Crouch, David. (2002) The Normans: The History of a Dynasty. London: Hambledon Continuum. ISBN 978-1-85285-595-6.
- Crouch, David. (2008a) The Beaumont Twins: The Roots and Branches of Power in the Twelfth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-09013-1.
- Crouch, David. (2008b) "King Stephen and northern France," in Dalton, Paul and Graeme J. White. (eds) (2008) King Stephen's reign (1135–1154). Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press. ISBN 978-1-84383-361-1.
- Davis, R. H. C. (1977) King Stephen. (1st edition) London: Longman. ISBN 0-582-48727-7.
- Duby, Georges. (1993) France in the Middle Ages 987–1460: from Hugh Capet to Joan of Arc. Oxford: Blackwell. ISBN 978-0-631-18945-9.
- Dyer, Christopher. (2009) Making a Living in the Middle Ages: The People of Britain, 850 – 1520. London: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-10191-1.
- Fryde, Natalie, Pierre Monnet and Oto Oexle. (eds) (2002) Die Gegenwart des Feudalismus. Göttingen, Germany: Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht. ISBN 978-3-525-35391-2.
- Garnett, George and John Hudsdon. (eds) (1994) Law and Government in Medieval England and Normandy: Essays in Honour of Sir James Holt. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43076-0.
- Gillingham, John. (1994) "1066 and the Introduction of Chivalry into England," in Garnett, George and John Hudsdon. (eds) (1994) Law and Government in Medieval England and Normandy: Essays in Honour of Sir James Holt. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43076-0.
- Green, J. A. (1992) "Financing Stephen's War," Anglo-Norman Studies 14, pp. 91–114.
- Helmerichs, Robert. (2001) "'Ad tutandos partriae fines': The Defense of Normandy, 1135," in Abels, Richard Philip and Bernard S. Bachrach. (eds) (2001) The Normans and Their Adversaries at War. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press. ISBN 978-0-85115-847-1.
- Holt, J. C. (1998) "1153: The Treaty of Westminster," in King, Edmund. (ed) (1998) The Anarchy of King Stephen's Reign. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-820364-0.
- Huscroft, Richard. (2005) Ruling England, 1042–1217. Harlow, UK: Pearson. ISBN 0-582-84882-2.
- Kadish, Alon. (1989) Historians, Economists, and Economic History. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-61388-0.
- King, Edmund. (2006) "The Gesta Stephani," in Bates, David, Julia C. Crick and Sarah Hamilton. (eds) (2006) Writing Medieval Biography, 750–1250: Essays in Honour of Professor Frank Barlow. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press. ISBN 978-1-84383-262-1.
- King, Edmumd. (2010) King Stephen. New Haven, US: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11223-8.
- Koziol, Geoffrey. (1992) Begging Pardon and Favor: Ritual and Political Order in Early Medieval France. New York: Cornell University. ISBN 978-0-8014-2369-7.
- Mason, Emma. (1996) Westminster Abbey and its people, c.1050-c.1216. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press. ISBN 978-0-85115-396-4.
- Pettifer, Adrian. (1995) English Castles: A Guide by Counties. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press. ISBN 978-0-85115-782-5.
- Ramet, Carlos. (1999) Ken Follett: the transformation of a writer. Bowling Green, US: Bowling Green State University Popular Press. ISBN 978-0-87972-798-7.
- Rielly, Edward J. (2000) "Ellis Peters: Brother Cadfael," in Browne, Ray Broadus and Lawrence A. Kreiser. (eds) (2000) The Detective as Historian: History and Art in Historical Crime. Bowling Green, US: Bowling Green State University Press. ISBN 978-0-87972-815-1.
- Round, John H. (1888) "Danegeld and the Finance of Domesday," in Dove, P. E. (ed) (1888) Domesday Studies. London: Longmans, Green, and Co. OCLC 25186487.
- Stringer, Keith J. (1993) The Reign of Stephen: Kingship, Warfare and Government in Twelfth-Century England. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-01415-1.
- Stubbs, William. (1874) The Constitutional History of England, I. Oxford: Clarendon Press. OCLC 2653225.
- Thompson, Kathleen. (2002) Power and Border Lordship in Medieval France: the County of the Perche, 1000–1226. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press. ISBN 978-0-86193-254-2.
- Turner, Richard Charles. Ken Follett: A Critical Companion. Westport, US: Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-313-29415-0.
- Tyerman, Christopher. (2007) God's War: a New History of the Crusades. London: Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-026980-2.
- White, Graeme. (1990) "The End of Stephen's Reign," History, LXXV, pp. 3–22.
- White, Graeme. (1998) "Continuity in Government," in King, Edmund. (ed) (1998) The Anarchy of King Stephen's Reign. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-820364-0.
- White, Graeme. (2000) "Earls and Earldoms during King Stephen's Reign," in Dunn, Diana E. S. (ed) (2000) War and society in medieval and early modern Britain. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. ISBN 978-0-85323-885-0.
- White, Graeme. (2008) "Royal Income and Regional Trends," in Dalton, Paul and Graeme J. White. (eds) (2008) King Stephen's reign (1135–1154). Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press. ISBN 978-1-84383-361-1.
- Yoshitake, Kenji. (1988) "The Arrest of the Bishops in 1139 and its Consequences," Journal of Medieval History, 14, pp. 97–114.
Stephen dari England Tarikh keputeraan: 1092/6 Tarikh kemangkatan: 25 Oktober 1154
| ||
| Gelaran pemerintah | ||
|---|---|---|
| Didahului oleh Henry I |
Raja England 22 Disember 1135 – April 1141 |
Diikuti oleh: Matilda |
| Duke Normandy 1135–1144 |
Diikuti oleh: Geoffrey | |
| Didahului oleh Matilda sebagai Lady Inggeris |
Raja England November 1141 – 25 Oktober 1154 |
Diikuti oleh: Henry II |
| Didahului oleh Eustace III |
Count Boulogne 1125–1147 bersama Matilda I |
Diikuti oleh: Eustace IV |
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