Senarai Saintis Islam
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Ini adalah senarai saintis Islam yang telah menyumbang untuk sains dan pembangunan tamadun.
Ahli Saintis Islam Terkenal
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- Ibn Sina, Avicenna Abu Ali Al-Hussain Ibn Abdallah Ibn Sina (Ibn Sina, Ibnu Sina)Abu Abdullah Mohammad Ibn Musa al-Khawarizmi, ( Al-Khawarizmi )
- Al-Farabi
- Abu Bakar Muhammad bin Zakaria al-Razi ( Al-Razi )
- Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali ( Al-Ghazali )
- Al-Jazari
- Abu Raihan Al-Biruni ( Al-Biruni )
- Abu Ali Hasan Ibn Al-Haitham ( Al-Haytham )
- Al-Kindi (Alkindus)
- Jābir ibn Hayyān (Geber)
- Ibn Khaldun
Pakar Astronomi dan Astrofizik
sunting- Ibrahim al-Fazari
- Muhammad al-Fazari
- Al-Khwarizmi, mathematician
- Ja'far ibn Muhammad Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi (Albumasar)
- Al-Farghani
- Banū Mūsā (Ben ..Mousa)
- Al-Majriti
- Muhammad ibn Jābir al-Harrānī al-Battānī (Albatenius)
- Al-Farabi (Abunaser)
- Abd Al-Rahman Al Sufi
- Abu Sa'id Gorgani
- Kushyar ibn Labban
- Abū Ja'far al-Khāzin
- Al-Mahani
- Al-Marwazi
- Al-Nayrizi
- Al-Saghani
- Al-Farghani
- Abu Nasr Mansur
- Abū Sahl al-Qūhī (Kuhi)
- Abu-Mahmud al-Khujandi
- Abū al-Wafā' al-Būzjānī
- Ibn Yunus
- Ibn al-Haytham (Alhacen)
- Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī
- Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā)
- Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Zarqālī (Arzachel)
- Omar Khayyám
- Al-Khazini
- Ibn Bajjah (Avempace)
- Ibn Tufail (Abubacer)
- Nur Ed-Din Al Betrugi (Alpetragius)
- Averroes
- Al-Jazari
- Sharaf al-Dīn al-Tūsī
- Anvari
- Mo'ayyeduddin Urdi
- Nasir al-Din Tusi
- Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi
- Ibn al-Shatir
- Shams al-Dīn al-Samarqandī
- Jamshīd al-Kāshī
- Ulugh Beg, also a mathematician
- Taqi al-Din Muhammad ibn Ma'ruf, Ottoman astronomer
- Ahmad Nahavandi
- Haly Abenragel
- Abolfadl Harawi
Ahli Biologi, Pakar Saraf dan Psikologi
sunting- Ibn Sirin (654–728), author of work on dreams and dream interpretation[1]
- Al-Kindi (Alkindus), pioneer of psychotherapy and music therapy[2]
- Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari, pioneer of psychiatry, clinical psychiatry and clinical psychology[3]
- Ahmed ibn Sahl al-Balkhi, pioneer of mental health,[4] medical psychology, cognitive psychology, cognitive therapy, psychophysiology and psychosomatic medicine[5]
- Al-Farabi (Alpharabius), pioneer of social psychology and consciousness studies[6]
- Ali ibn Abbas al-Majusi (Haly Abbas), pioneer of neuroanatomy, neurobiology and neurophysiology[6]
- Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis), pioneer of neurosurgery[7]
- Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen), founder of experimental psychology, psychophysics, phenomenology and visual perception[8]
- Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī, pioneer of reaction time[9]
- Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā), pioneer of neuropsychiatry,[10] thought experiment, self-awareness and self-consciousness[11]
- Ibn Zuhr (Avenzoar), pioneer of neurology and neuropharmacology[7]
- Averroes, pioneer of Parkinson's disease[7]
- Ibn Tufail, pioneer of tabula rasa and nature versus nurture[12]
Ahli Kimia dan Alchemists
sunting- Khalid ibn Yazid (Calid)
- Jafar al-Sadiq
- Jābir ibn Hayyān (Geber), father of chemistry[13][14][15]
- Abbas Ibn Firnas (Armen Firman)
- Al-Kindi (Alkindus)
- Al-Majriti
- Ibn Miskawayh
- Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī
- Avicenna
- Al-Khazini
- Nasir al-Din Tusi
- Ibn Khaldun
- Salimuzzaman Siddiqui
- Al-Khwārizmī, Algebra, (Mathematics)
- Ahmed H. Zewail, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1999[16]
- Mostafa El-Sayed
- Abdul Qadeer Khan, Nuclear Scientist - Uranium Enrichment Technologist - Centrifuge Method Expert
- Atta ur Rahman, leading scholar in the field of Natural Product Chemistry
- Omar M. Yaghi Professor at the University of California, Berkeley
Ekonomi dan Sains Sosial
sunting- Abu Hanifa an-Nu‘man (699-767), Islamic jurisprudence scholar
- Abu Yusuf (731-798), Islamic jurisprudence scholar
- Al-Saghani (d. 990), one of the earliest historians of science[17]
- Shams al-Mo'ali Abol-hasan Ghaboos ibn Wushmgir (Qabus) (d. 1012), economist
- Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī (973-1048), considered the "first anthropologist"[18] and father of Indology[19]
- Ibn Sīnā (Avicenna) (980–1037), economist
- Ibn Miskawayh (b. 1030), economist
- Al-Ghazali (Algazel) (1058–1111), economist
- Al-Mawardi (1075–1158), economist
- Nasīr al-Dīn al-Tūsī (Tusi) (1201–1274), economist
- Ibn al-Nafis (1213–1288), sociologist
- Ibn Taymiyyah (1263–1328), economist
- Ibn Khaldun (1332–1406), forerunner of social sciences[20] such as demography,[21] cultural history,[22] historiography,[23] philosophy of history,[24] sociology[21][24] and economics[25][26]
- Al-Maqrizi (1364–1442), economist
- Akhtar Hameed Khan, Pakistani social scientist; pioneer of microcredit
- Muhammad Yunus, Nobel Prize winner Bangladeshi economist; pioneer of microfinance
- Shah Abdul Hannan, Pioneer of Islamic Banking in South Asia
- Mahbub ul Haq, Pakistani economist; developer of Human Development Index and founder of Human Development Report[27][28]
Ahli Geografi dan Sains Bumi
sunting- Al-Masudi, the "Herodotus of the Arabs", and pioneer of historical geography[29]
- Al-Kindi, pioneer of environmental science[30]
- Ibn Al-Jazzar
- Al-Tamimi
- Al-Masihi
- Ali ibn Ridwan
- Muhammad al-Idrisi, also a cartographer
- Ahmad ibn Fadlan
- Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī, father of geodesy,[18][21] considered the first geologist and "first anthropologist"[18]
- Avicenna
- Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi
- Averroes
- Ibn al-Nafis
- Ibn Jubayr
- Ibn Battuta
- Ibn Khaldun
- Piri Reis
- Evliya Çelebi
Ahli Matematik
sunting- Further information: Islamic mathematics: Biographies
- Al-Hajjāj ibn Yūsuf ibn Matar
- Khalid ibn Yazid (Calid)
- Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī (Algorismi) - father of algebra[31] and algorithms[32]
- 'Abd al-Hamīd ibn Turk
- Abū al-Hasan ibn Alī al-Qalasādī (1412–1482), pioneer of symbolic algebra[33]
- Abū Kāmil Shujā ibn Aslam
- Al-Abbās ibn Said al-Jawharī
- Al-Kindi (Alkindus)
- Banū Mūsā (Ben Mousa)
- Al-Khwarizmi
- Al-Mahani
- Ahmed ibn Yusuf
- Al-Majriti
- Muhammad ibn Jābir al-Harrānī al-Battānī (Albatenius)
- Al-Farabi (Abunaser)
- Al-Khalili
- Al-Nayrizi
- Abū Ja'far al-Khāzin
- Brethren of Purity
- Abu'l-Hasan al-Uqlidisi
- Al-Saghani
- Abū Sahl al-Qūhī
- Abu-Mahmud al-Khujandi
- Abū al-Wafā' al-Būzjānī
- Ibn Sahl
- Al-Sijzi
- Ibn Yunus
- Abu Nasr Mansur
- Kushyar ibn Labban
- Al-Karaji
- Ibn al-Haytham (Alhacen/Alhazen)
- Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī
- Ibn Tahir al-Baghdadi
- Al-Nasawi
- Al-Jayyani
- Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Zarqālī (Arzachel)
- Al-Mu'taman ibn Hud
- Omar Khayyám
- Al-Khazini
- Ibn Bajjah (Avempace)
- Al-Ghazali (Algazel)
- Al-Marrakushi
- Al-Samawal
- Ibn Rushd (Averroes)
- Ibn Seena (Avicenna)
- Hunayn ibn Ishaq
- Ibn al-Banna'
- Ibn al-Shatir
- Ja'far ibn Muhammad Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi (Albumasar)
- Jamshīd al-Kāshī
- Kamāl al-Dīn al-Fārisī
- Muḥyi al-Dīn al-Maghribī
- Maryam Mirzakhani
- Mo'ayyeduddin Urdi
- Muhammad Baqir Yazdi
- Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, 13th century Persian mathematician and philosopher
- Qāḍī Zāda al-Rūmī
- Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi
- Shams al-Dīn al-Samarqandī
- Sharaf al-Dīn al-Tūsī
- Taqi al-Din Muhammad ibn Ma'ruf
- Ulugh Beg
- Cumrun Vafa
Pakar Bedah
suntingFizik dan Kejuruteraan
sunting- Jafar al-Sadiq, 8th century
- Banū Mūsā (Ben Mousa), 9th century
- Abbas Ibn Firnas (Armen Firman), 9th century
- Al-Saghani, 10th century
- Abū Sahl al-Qūhī (Kuhi), 10th century
- Ibn Sahl, 10th century
- Ibn Yunus, 10th century
- Al-Karaji, 10th century
- Ibn al-Haytham (Alhacen), 11th century Iraqi scientist, father of optics,[34] pioneer of scientific method[35] and experimental physics,[36] considered the "first scientist"[37]
- Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī, 11th century, pioneer of experimental mechanics[38]
- Ibn Sīnā/Seena (Avicenna), 11th century
- Al-Khazini, 12th century
- Ibn Bajjah (Avempace), 12th century
- Hibat Allah Abu'l-Barakat al-Baghdaadi (Nathanel), 12th century
- Ibn Rushd/Rooshd (Averroes), 12th century Andalusian mathematician, philosopher and medical expert
- Al-Jazari, 13th century civil engineer, father of robotics,[15]
- Nasir al-Din Tusi, 13th century
- Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi, 13th century
- Kamāl al-Dīn al-Fārisī, 13th century
- Ibn al-Shatir, 14th century
- Taqi al-Din Muhammad ibn Ma'ruf, 16th century
- Hezarfen Ahmet Celebi, 17th century
- Lagari Hasan Çelebi, 17th century
- Sake Dean Mahomet, 18th century
- Fazlur Khan, 20th century Bangladeshi mechanician
- Mahmoud Hessaby, 20th century Iranian physicist
- Ali Javan, 20th century Iranian physicist
- Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie, 20th century Indonesian aerospace engineer and president
- Abdul Kalam, Indian aeronautical engineer and nuclear scientist
- Mehran Kardar, Iranian theoretical physicist
- Cumrun Vafa, Iranian mathematical physicist
- Nima Arkani-Hamed, American-born Iranian physicist
- Munir Nayfeh Palestinian-American particle physicist
- Abdul Qadeer Khan, Pakistani metallurgist and nuclear scientist
- Naser Qureshi, Pakistani physicist and electrical engineer specializing in time-resolved NSOM measurements, magneto-optic spectroscopy of nanomagnetic structures, and methods to improve the senistivity of magneto-optical measurements
- Riazuddin, Pakistani theoretical physicist
- Samar Mubarakmand, Pakistani nuclear scientist known for his research in gamma spectroscopy and experimental development of the linear accelerator
- Shahid Hussain Bokhari, Pakistani researcher in the field of parallel and distributed computing
- Sultan Bashiruddin Mahmood, Pakistani nuclear engineer and nuclear physicist
- Ali Musharafa, Egyptian nuclear physicist
- Sameera Moussa, Egyptian nuclear physicist
- Munir Ahmad Khan, Father of Pakistan's nuclear program
- Kerim Kerimov, a founder of Soviet space program, a lead architect behind first human spaceflight (Vostok 1), and the lead architect of the first space stations (Salyut and Mir)[39][40]
- Farouk El-Baz, a NASA scientist involved in the first Moon landings with the Apollo program[41]
Sains Politik
suntingLain-lain Saintis dan Pereka
suntingRujukan
sunting- ^ Amber Haque (2004), "Psychology from Islamic Perspective: Contributions of Early Muslim Scholars and Challenges to Contemporary Muslim Psychologists", Journal of Religion and Health 43 (4): 357-377 [375].
- ^ Saoud, R. "The Arab Contribution to the Music of the Western World" (PDF). Dicapai pada 2007-01-12.
- ^ Amber Haque (2004), "Psychology from Islamic Perspective: Contributions of Early Muslim Scholars and Challenges to Contemporary Muslim Psychologists", Journal of Religion and Health 43 (4): 357-377 [361]
- ^ Nurdeen Deuraseh and Mansor Abu Talib (2005), "Mental health in Islamic medical tradition", The International Medical Journal 4 (2), p. 76-79.
- ^ Amber Haque (2004), "Psychology from Islamic Perspective: Contributions of Early Muslim Scholars and Challenges to Contemporary Muslim Psychologists", Journal of Religion and Health 43 (4): 357-377 [362]
- ^ a b Amber Haque (2004), "Psychology from Islamic Perspective: Contributions of Early Muslim Scholars and Challenges to Contemporary Muslim Psychologists", Journal of Religion and Health 43 (4): 357-377 [363].
- ^ a b c Martin-Araguz, A.; Bustamante-Martinez, C.; Fernandez-Armayor, Ajo V.; Moreno-Martinez, J. M. (2002). "Neuroscience in al-Andalus and its influence on medieval scholastic medicine", Revista de neurología 34 (9), p. 877-892.
- ^ Omar Khaleefa (Summer 1999). "Who Is the Founder of Psychophysics and Experimental Psychology?", American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 16 (2).
- ^ Muhammad Iqbal, The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam, "The Spirit of Muslim Culture"
- ^ S Safavi-Abbasi, LBC Brasiliense, RK Workman (2007), "The fate of medical knowledge and the neurosciences during the time of Genghis Khan and the Mongolian Empire", Neurosurgical Focus 23 (1), E13, p. 3.
- ^ Nasr, Seyyed Hossein (1996). History of Islamic Philosophy. Routledge. m/s. 315 & 1022–1023. ISBN 0-415-13159-6. Unknown parameter
|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (bantuan) - ^ G. A. Russell (1994), The 'Arabick' Interest of the Natural Philosophers in Seventeenth-Century England, pp. 224-262, Brill Publishers, ISBN 90-04-09459-8.
- ^ John Warren (2005). "War and the Cultural Heritage of Iraq: a sadly mismanaged affair", Third World Quarterly, Volume 26, Issue 4 & 5, p. 815-830.
- ^ Dr. A. Zahoor (1997). JABIR IBN HAIYAN (Geber). University of Indonesia.
- ^ a b Paul Vallely. How Islamic inventors changed the world, The Independent
- ^ All Nobel Laureates in Chemistry, Nobel Prize
- ^ Franz Rosenthal (1950). "Al-Asturlabi and as-Samaw'al on Scientific Progress", Osiris 9, p. 555-564 [559].
- ^ a b c Akbar S. Ahmed (1984). "Al-Beruni: The First Anthropologist", RAIN 60, p. 9-10.
- ^ Zafarul-Islam Khan, At The Threshold Of A New Millennium – II, The Milli Gazette.
- ^ Akbar Ahmed (2002). "Ibn Khaldun’s Understanding of Civilizations and the Dilemmas of Islam and the West Today", Middle East Journal 56 (1), p. 25.
- ^ a b c H. Mowlana (2001). "Information in the Arab World", Cooperation South Journal 1.
- ^ Mohamad Abdalla (Summer 2007). "Ibn Khaldun on the Fate of Islamic Science after the 11th Century", Islam & Science 5 (1), p. 61-70.
- ^ Salahuddin Ahmed (1999). A Dictionary of Muslim Names. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. ISBN 1-85065-356-9.
- ^ a b Dr. S. W. Akhtar (1997). "The Islamic Concept of Knowledge", Al-Tawhid: A Quarterly Journal of Islamic Thought & Culture 12 (3).
- ^ I. M. Oweiss (1988), "Ibn Khaldun, the Father of Economics", Arab Civilization: Challenges and Responses, New York University Press, ISBN 0-88706-698-4.
- ^ Jean David C. Boulakia (1971), "Ibn Khaldun: A Fourteenth-Century Economist", The Journal of Political Economy 79 (5): 1105-1118.
- ^ Mahbub ul Haq (1995), Reflections on Human Development, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-510193-6.
- ^ Amartya Sen (2000), "A Decade of Human Development", Journal of Human Development 1 (1): 17-23.
- ^ [http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9051339 Mas'udi, al-." Encyclopædia Britannica, 2006.
- ^ L. Gari (2002), "Arabic Treatises on Environmental Pollution up to the End of the Thirteenth Century", Environment and History 8 (4), pp. 475-488.
- ^ Solomon Gandz (1936), "The sources of al-Khwarizmi's algebra", Osiris I, p. 263–277."
- ^ Serish Nanisetti, Father of algorithms and algebra Diarkibkan 2007-10-01 di Wayback Machine, The Hindu, June 23, 2006.
- ^ John J. O'Connor dan Edmund F. Robertson. Abu'l Hasan ibn Ali al Qalasadi di Arkib Sejarah Matematik MacTutor.
- ^ Dr. Mahmoud Al Deek. "Ibn Al-Haitham: Master of Optics, Mathematics, Physics and Medicine", Al Shindagah, November-December 2004.
- ^ Rosanna Gorini (2003), "Al-Haytham the Man of Experience: First Steps in the Science of Vision", International Society for the History of Islamic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Laboratory of Psychobiology and Psychopharmacology, Rome, Italy.
- ^ Rüdiger Thiele (2005). "In Memoriam: Matthias Schramm", Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 15, p. 329–331. Cambridge University Press.
- ^ Bradley Steffens (2006), Ibn al-Haytham: First Scientist, Morgan Reynolds Publishing, ISBN 1-59935-024-6.
- ^ Mariam Rozhanskaya and I. S. Levinova (1996), "Statics", in Roshdi Rashed, ed., Encyclopedia of the History of Arabic Science, Vol. 2, p. 614-642 [642], Routledge, London and New York.
- ^ Peter Bond, Obituary: Lt-Gen Kerim Kerimov, The Independent, 7 April 2003.
- ^ Betty Blair (1995), "Behind Soviet Aeronauts", Azerbaijan International 3 (3).
- ^ Farouk El-Baz: With Apollo to the Moon, IslamOnline interview