Knut Hamsun
Knut Hamsun (4 Ogos 1859—19 Februari 1952) ialah seorang penulis Norway, yang dianugerahkan Hadiah Nobel dalam Kesusasteraan pada tahun 1920. Karya Hamsun menjangkau lebih dari 70 tahun dan menunjukkan variasi berkenaan dengan subjek, perspektif dan persekitaran. Beliau menerbitkan lebih daripada 20 novel, koleksi puisi, beberapa cerita pendek dan drama, sebuah perjalanan, dan beberapa karya tulis.
Knut Hamsun | |
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| Lahir | 4 Ogos 1859 Lom, Gudbrandsdalen, Norway |
| Meninggal dunia | Februari 19, 1952 (umur 92) Nørholm, Grimstad, Norway |
| Pekerjaan | Pengarang, penyair, dramatis, pengkritik sosial |
| Warganegara | Norway |
| Anugerah | Hadiah Nobel dalam Kesusasteraan (1920) |
Hamsun muda membantah kepada realisme dan naturalisme. Beliau berpendapat bahawa objek utama kesusasteraan modenis harus menjadi selok-belok pikiran manusia, yang penulis harus menggambarkan "bisikan darah, dan merayu sumsum tulang".[1] Hamsun dianggap sebagai "pemimpin pemberontakan Neo-Romantik pada kurun ke-20", dengan karya-karya seperti Hunger (1890), Misteri (1892), Pan (1894), dan Victoria (1898).[2] Karya-karyanya yang kemudian-khususnya "novel-novel Nordland " yang dipengaruhi oleh realisme baru Norway, menggambarkan kehidupan seharian di pedesaan Norway dan sering menggunakan dialek tempatan, ironi, dan humor.[3]
Hamsun dianggap sebagai "salah satu gaya penerbit sastera yang paling berpengaruh dan inovatif dari seratus tahun yang lalu" (sekitar 1890-1990).[4] Beliau mempelopori kesusasteraan psikologi dengan teknik aliran kesedaran dan monolog dalaman, dan mempengaruhi pengarang seperti Thomas Mann, Franz Kafka, Maxim Gorky, Stefan Zweig, Henry Miller, Hermann Hesse, dan Ernest Hemingway.[5] Isaac Bashevis Penyanyi menamakan Hamsun sebagai "bapa sekolah kesusasteraan moden dalam setiap aspeknya-kepekaannya, kerentanannya, kegunaan imbas kembali, liriknya. Seluruh fiksyen moden di abad kedua puluh berasal dari Hamsun".[6]
Pada 4 Ogos 2009, Pusat Knut Hamsun dibuka di Hamarøy.[7] Sejak tahun 1916, beberapa karya Hamsun telah disesuaikan dengan gambar-gambar gerakan.
Bibliografi
sunting- 1877 Den Gaadefulde. En kjærlighedshistorie fra Nordland (Published as Knud Pedersen)
- 1878 Et Gjensyn (Published as Knud Pedersen Hamsund)
- 1878 Bjørger (Published as Knud Pedersen Hamsund)
- 1889 Lars Oftedal. Udkast (11 articles, previously printed in Dagbladet)
- 1889 Fra det moderne Amerikas Aandsliv (The Spiritual Life of Modern America)
- 1890 Sult (Hunger)
- 1892 Mysterier (Mysteries)
- 1893 Redaktør Lynge
- 1893 Ny Jord (Shallow Soil)
- 1894 Pan (Pan)
- 1895 Ved Rigets Port (At the Gate of the Kingdom)
- 1896 Livets Spil (The Game of Life)
- 1897 Siesta
- 1898 Aftenrøde. Slutningspil
- 1898 Victoria. En kjærlighedshistorie (Victoria)
- 1902 Munken Vendt. Brigantines saga I
- 1903 I Æventyrland. Oplevet og drømt i Kaukasien (In Wonderland)
- 1903 Dronning Tamara, play
- 1903 Kratskog
- 1904 Det vilde Kor, poetry (The Wild Choir)
- 1904 Sværmere (Mothwise, 1921), (Dreamers)
- 1905 Stridende Liv. Skildringer fra Vesten og Østen
- 1906 Under Høststjærnen. En Vandrers Fortælling (Under the Autumn Star)
- 1908 Benoni Benoni
- 1908 Rosa: Af Student Parelius' Papirer (Rosa)
- 1909 En Vandrer spiller med Sordin (A Wanderer Plays on Muted Strings)
- 1909 En Vandrer spiller med Sordin (Wanderers)
- 1910 Livet i Vold, play (In the Grip of Life)
- 1912 Den sidste Glæde (The Last Joy; also known as Look Back in Happiness)
- 1913 Børn av Tiden (Children of the Age)
- 1915 Segelfoss By 1 (Volume 1) (Segelfoss Town)
- 1915 Segelfoss By 2 (Volume 2) (Segelfoss Town
- 1917 Markens Grøde 1 (Growth of the Soil)
- 1917 Markens Grøde 2
- 1918 Sproget i Fare
- 1920 Konerne ved Vandposten I (The Women at the Pump)
- 1920 Konerne ved Vandposten II
- 1923 Siste Kapitel I (Volume 1) (The Last Chapter)
- 1923 Siste Kapitel II (Volume 2) (The Last Chapter)
- 1927 Landstrykere I (Wayfarers)
- 1927 Landstrykere II
- 1930 August I (Volume 1) (August)
- 1930 August II (Volume 2) (August)
- 1933 Men Livet lever I (Volume 1) (The Road Leads On)
- 1933 Men Livet lever II (Volume 2) (The Road Leads On)
- 1936 Ringen sluttet (The Ring is Closed)
- 1949 Paa gjengrodde Stier (On Overgrown Paths)
Rujukan
sunting- ^ Knut Hamsun (1890). "Fra det ubevidste Sjæleliv", Samtiden, September 1890
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica baru: Volum 5
- ^ Hal Mei, Penulis Kontemporari, Volum 119, Gale, 1986
- ^ Robert Ferguson (1987). Enigma: kehidupan Knut Hamsun, New York, NY : Farra, Straus & Giroux,
- ^ "The St. Petersburg Times - A complex legacy". Sptimes.ru. 2009-11-06. Dicapai pada 2011-06-27.
- ^ Penyanyi Isaac Bashevis (1967). Pengenalan kepada Hunger
- ^ "salinan arkib" (PDF). Diarkibkan daripada yang asal (PDF) pada 2012-01-19. Dicapai pada 2019-04-20.
Bacaan lanjut
sunting- Ferguson, Robert. 1987. Enigma: The Life of Knut Hamsun. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
- Haugan, Jørgen. 2004. The Fall of the Sun God. Knut Hamsun - a Literary Biography Oslo: Aschehoug.
- Humpal, Martin. 1999. The Roots of Modernist Narrative: Knut Hamsun's Novels Hunger, Mysteries and Pan. International Specialized Book Services.
- Kolloen, Ingar Sletten. 2009. Knut Hamsun: Dreamer and Dissident . Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-12356-2
- Larsen, Hanna Astrup. 1922. Knut Hamsun Alfred A. Knopf.
- Næss, Harald (2007), Nobel Prize Laureates in Literature, Part 2, Farmington Hills, Michigan: Gale, ISBN 978-0-7876-8148-7
- Shaer, Matthew. 2009. Tackling Knut Hamsun. Review of Kollen Sletten, Dreamer and dissenter and Žagar, The dark side of literary brilliance. In Los Angeles Times, 25 October 2009.
- D'Urance, Michel. 2007. Hamsun. Editions Pardès, Paris, 128 p.
- Žagar, Monika. 2009. The dark side of literary brilliance. University of Washington Press.
Pautan luar
sunting| Wikipetik mempunyai koleksi petikan mengenai: Knut Hamsun |
| Wikimedia Commons mempunyai media berkaitan: Knut Hamsun. |
 |
Wikisource mempunyai karya asli yang dikarang oleh atau mengenai: Knut Hamsun |
Biografi
sunting- National Library of Norway Commemoration Page
- Biography, from the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs
- Hamsun bibliography 1879–2009 : literature on Knut Hamsun (National Library of Norway)
- Knut Hamsun, at Nobel Prize website
- Kristofer Janson and Knut Hamsun at the National Library of Norway
- Knut Hamsun's America[pautan mati kekal] at the Norwegian-American Historical Association
- Knut Hamsun's Early Years in the Northwest in Minnesota History Magazine
- "Knut Hamsun: Dreamer and Dissenter", bio and review at The New Republic, September 2010
- Knut Hamsun Online, fan-supported website
Karya
sunting- Hamsun bibliography 1879–2009 published by the National Library of Norway and the University library of Tromsø
- Karya-karya oleh Knut Hamsun di Projek Gutenberg
- Karya oleh atau tentang Knut Hamsun di Internet Archive
Karya oleh Knut Hamsun di LibriVox (buku audio domain awam)- Karya-karya oleh Knut Hamsun di Projek Gutenberg (plain text and HTML)
- Det Vilde Kor 1904 at the Internet Archive (Hamsun's only collection of verse)
Lain-lain
sunting- Wood, James, Addicted to Unpredictability, an essay. Retrieved 8 October 2006.
- Chelsea on the Edge: The Adventures of an American Theater, Davi Napoleon. Includes discussion of Ice Age, a controversial production in which Hamson is the protagonist. Iowa State University Press. ISBN 0-8138-1713-7, 1991.
- Norwegian Nobel Laureate, Once Shunned, Is Now Celebrated, New York Times. 27 February 2009
- Petikan akbar mengenai Knut Hamsun di 20th Century Press Archives daripada ZBW