Kawasan metropolitan di Amerika Syarikat
Kawasan metropolitan di Amerika Syarikat merangkumi kawasan-kawasan yang mempunyai hubungan ekonomi yang rapat serta kepadatan penduduk tinggi di bahagian terasnya. Ia tidak semestinya terletak di bawah struktur pentadbiran yang ditetapkan, dan definisinya berbeza mengikut sumber statistik.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Core_Based_Statistical_Areas.png/220px-Core_Based_Statistical_Areas.png)
Berikut merupakan senarai 50 kawasan metropolitan terbesar di Amerika Syarikat yang disusun oleh Pejabat Pengurusan dan Belanjawan (OMB). Definisi yang digunakan ialah "Kawasan Metropolitan Statistik" (bahasa Inggeris: Metropolitan Satistical Area, MSA), iaitu sekumpulan satu atau lebih kaunti yang mempunyai sekurang-kurangnya satu kawasan teras yang mempunyai lebih daripada 50,000 penduduk, serta kawasan berdekatan yang mempunyai tahap integrasi sosial dan ekonomi dengan kawasan teras yang tinggi.[1][2]
OMB juga menyediakan senarai "Kawasan Bergabung Statistik" (Combined Statistical Area, CSA), iaitu pengelompokan beberapa Kawasan Metropolitan Statistik dan Kawasan Mikropolitan Statistik berdekatan yang mempunyai hubungan pengangkutan rapat.[2]
Senarai
suntingKed. | Kawasan metropolitan | Penduduk 2009 |
Penduduk 2000 |
Perubahan | Kawasan Metropolitan Statistik (MSA) | Kawasan Bergabung Metropolitan (CSA) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | New York | 12,874,797 | 12,365,627 | style="text-align:right;"|12,365,627 | 12,874,797 | +4.12% | New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA MSA | New York-Newark-Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA CSA |
2 | Los Angeles | 12,874,797 | 12,365,627 | style="text-align:right;"|12,365,627 | 12,874,797 | +4.12% | Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, CA MSA | Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA CSA |
3 | Chicagoland | 9,580,567 | 9,098,316 | style="text-align:right;"|9,098,316 | 9,580,567 | +5.30% | Chicago-Joliet-Naperville, IL-IN-WI MSA | Chicago-Naperville-Michigan City, IL-IN-WI CSA |
4 | Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex | 6,447,615 | 5,161,544 | style="text-align:right;"|5,161,544 | 6,447,615 | +24.92% | Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX MSA | Dallas-Fort Worth, TX CSA |
5 | Lembah Delaware | 5,968,252 | 5,687,147 | style="text-align:right;"|5,687,147 | 5,968,252 | +4.94% | Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD MSA | Philadelphia-Camden-Vineland, PA-NJ-DE-MD CSA |
6 | Houston | 5,867,489 | 4,715,407 | style="text-align:right;"|4,715,407 | 5,867,489 | +24.43% | Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, TX MSA | Houston-Baytown-Huntsville, TX CSA |
7 | Florida Selatan | 5,547,051 | 5,007,564 | style="text-align:right;"|5,007,564 | 5,547,051 | +10.77% | Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach, FL MSA | kawasan statistik primer |
8 | Washington, D.C. | 5,476,241 | 4,796,183 | style="text-align:right;"|4,796,183 | 5,476,241 | +14.18% | Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV MSA | Washington-Baltimore-Northern Virginia, DC-MD-VA-WV CSA |
9 | Atlanta | 5,475,213 | 4,247,981 | style="text-align:right;"|4,247,981 | 5,475,213 | +28.89% | Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA MSA | Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Gainesville, GA-AL CSA |
10 | Boston | 4,588,680 | 4,391,344 | style="text-align:right;"|4,391,344 | 4,588,680 | +4.49% | Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA-NH MSA | Boston-Worcester-Manchester, MA-RI-NH CSA |
11 | Detroit | 4,403,437 | 4,452,557 | style="text-align:right;"|4,452,557 | 4,403,437 | −1.10% | Detroit-Warren-Livonia, MI MSA | Detroit-Warren-Flint, MI CSA |
12 | Phoenix | 4,364,094 | 3,251,876 | style="text-align:right;"|3,251,876 | 4,364,094 | +34.20% | Phoenix-Mesa-Glendale, AZ MSA | kawasan statistik primer |
13 | San Francisco Bay Area | 4,317,853 | 4,123,740 | style="text-align:right;"|4,123,740 | 4,317,853 | +4.71% | San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA MSA | San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA |
14 | Inland Empire | 4,143,113 | 3,254,821 | style="text-align:right;"|3,254,821 | 4,143,113 | +27.29% | Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA MSA | Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA CSA |
15 | Seattle | 3,407,848 | 3,043,878 | style="text-align:right;"|3,043,878 | 3,407,848 | +11.96% | Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA MSA | Seattle-Tacoma-Olympia, WA CSA |
16 | Minneapolis-Saint Paul | 3,269,814 | 2,968,806 | style="text-align:right;"|2,968,806 | 3,269,814 | +10.14% | Minneapolis-Saint Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI MSA | Minneapolis-St. Paul-St. Cloud, MN-WI CSA |
17 | San Diego | 3,053,793 | 2,813,833 | style="text-align:right;"|2,813,833 | 3,053,793 | +8.53% | San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA MSA | kawasan statistik primer |
18 | St. Louis | 2,828,990 | 2,698,687 | style="text-align:right;"|2,698,687 | 2,828,990 | +4.83% | St. Louis, MO-IL MSA | St. Louis-St. Charles-Farmington, MO-IL CSA |
19 | Tampa Bay | 2,747,272 | 2,395,997 | style="text-align:right;"|2,395,997 | 2,747,272 | +14.66% | Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL MSA | kawasan statistik primer |
20 | Baltimore | 2,690,886 | 2,552,994 | style="text-align:right;"|2,552,994 | 2,690,886 | +5.40% | Baltimore-Towson, MD MSA | Washington-Baltimore-Northern Virginia, DC-MD-VA-WV CSA |
21 | Denver | 2,552,195 | 2,179,240 | style="text-align:right;"|2,179,240 | 2,552,195 | +17.11% | Denver-Aurora-Broomfield, CO MSA | Denver-Aurora-Boulder, CO CSA |
22 | Pittsburgh | 2,354,957 | 2,431,087 | style="text-align:right;"|2,431,087 | 2,354,957 | −3.13% | Pittsburgh, PA MSA | Pittsburgh-New Castle, PA CSA |
23 | Portland | 2,241,841 | 1,927,881 | style="text-align:right;"|1,927,881 | 2,241,841 | +16.29% | Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA MSA | kawasan statistik primer |
24 | Cincinnati | 2,171,896 | 2,009,632 | style="text-align:right;"|2,009,632 | 2,171,896 | +8.07% | Cincinnati-Middletown, OH-KY-IN MSA | Cincinnati-Middletown-Wilmington, OH-KY-IN CSA |
25 | Sacramento | 2,127,355 | 1,796,857 | style="text-align:right;"|1,796,857 | 2,127,355 | +18.39% | Sacramento–Arden-Arcade–Roseville, CA MSA | Sacramento–Arden-Arcade–Yuba City, CA-NV CSA |
26 | Cleveland | 2,091,286 | 2,148,143 | style="text-align:right;"|2,148,143 | 2,091,286 | −2.65% | Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor, OH MSA | Cleveland-Akron-Elyria, OH CSA |
27 | Orlando | 2,082,421 | 1,644,561 | style="text-align:right;"|1,644,561 | 2,082,421 | +26.62% | Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL MSA | Orlando-Deltona-Daytona Beach, FL CSA |
28 | San Antonio | 2,072,128 | 1,711,703 | style="text-align:right;"|1,711,703 | 2,072,128 | +21.06% | San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX MSA | kawasan statistik primer |
29 | Kansas City | 2,067,585 | 1,836,038 | style="text-align:right;"|1,836,038 | 2,067,585 | +12.61% | Bandar Raya Kansas, MO-KS MSA | Kansas City-Overland Park-Kansas City, MO-KS CSA |
30 | Las Vegas | 1,902,834 | 1,375,765 | style="text-align:right;"|1,375,765 | 1,902,834 | +38.31% | Las Vegas-Paradise, NV MSA | Las Vegas-Paradise-Pahrump, NV CSA |
31 | San Jose | 1,839,700 | 1,735,819 | style="text-align:right;"|1,735,819 | 1,839,700 | +5.98% | San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA MSA | San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA |
32 | Columbus | 1,801,848 | 1,612,694 | style="text-align:right;"|1,612,694 | 1,801,848 | +11.73% | Columbus, OH MSA | Columbus-Marion-Chillicothe, OH CSA |
33 | Charlotte | 1,745,524 | 1,330,448 | style="text-align:right;"|1,330,448 | 1,745,524 | +31.20% | Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC MS | Charlotte-Gastonia-Salisbury, NC-SC CSA |
34 | Indianapolis | 1,743,658 | 1,525,104 | style="text-align:right;"|1,525,104 | 1,743,658 | +14.33% | Indianapolis-Carmel, IN MSA | Indianapolis-Anderson-Columbus, IN CSA |
35 | Austin | 1,705,075 | 1,249,763 | style="text-align:right;"|1,249,763 | 1,705,075 | +36.43% | Austin-Round Rock-San Marcos, TX MSA | Austin-Round Rock-Marble Falls, TX CSA |
36 | Hampton Roads | 1,674,498 | 1,576,370 | style="text-align:right;"|1,576,370 | 1,674,498 | +6.22% | Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC MSA | kawasan statistik primer |
37 | Providence | 1,600,642 | 1,582,997 | style="text-align:right;"|1,582,997 | 1,600,642 | +1.11% | Providence-New Bedford-Fall River, RI-MA MSA | Boston-Worcester-Manchester, MA-RI-NH CSA |
38 | Nashville | 1,582,264 | 1,311,789 | style="text-align:right;"|1,311,789 | 1,582,264 | +20.62% | Nashville-Davidson–Murfreesboro–Franklin, TN MSA | Nashville-Davidson–Murfreesboro–Columbia, TN CSA |
39 | Milwaukee | 1,559,667 | 1,500,741 | style="text-align:right;"|1,500,741 | 1,559,667 | +3.93% | Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI MSA | Milwaukee-Racine-Waukesha, WI CSA |
40 | Jacksonville | 1,328,144 | 1,122,750 | style="text-align:right;"|1,122,750 | 1,328,144 | +18.29% | Jacksonville, FL MSA | kawasan statistik primer |
41 | Memphis | 1,304,926 | 1,205,204 | style="text-align:right;"|1,205,204 | 1,304,926 | +8.27% | Memphis, TN-MS-AR MSA | kawasan statistik primer |
42 | Louisville | 1,258,577 | 1,161,975 | style="text-align:right;"|1,161,975 | 1,258,577 | +8.31% | Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN MSA | Louisville/Jefferson County–Elizabethtown–Scottsburg, KY-IN CSA |
43 | Richmond | 1,238,187 | 1,096,957 | style="text-align:right;"|1,096,957 | 1,238,187 | +12.87% | Richmond, VA MSA | kawasan statistik primer |
44 | Oklahoma City | 1,227,278 | 1,095,421 | style="text-align:right;"|1,095,421 | 1,227,278 | +12.04% | Oklahoma City, OK MSA | Oklahoma City-Shawnee, OK CSA |
45 | Hartford | 1,195,998 | 1,148,618 | style="text-align:right;"|1,148,618 | 1,195,998 | +4.12% | Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT MSA | Hartford-West Hartford-Willimantic, CT CSA |
46 | New Orleans | 1,189,981 | 1,316,510 | style="text-align:right;"|1,316,510 | 1,189,981 | −9.61% | New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner, LA MSA | New Orleans-Metairie-Bogalusa, LA CSA |
47 | Birmingham | 1,131,070 | 1,052,238 | style="text-align:right;"|1,052,238 | 1,131,070 | +7.49% | Birminghom-Hoover, AL MSA | Birmingham-Hoover-Cullman, AL CSA |
48 | Salt Lake City | 1,130,293 | 968,858 | style="text-align:right;"|968,858 | 1,130,293 | +16.66% | Salt Lake City, UT MSA | Salt Lake City-Ogden-Clearfield, UT CSA |
49 | Research Triangle | 1,125,827 | 797,071 | style="text-align:right;"|797,071 | 1,125,827 | +41.25% | Raleigh-Cary, NC MSA | Raleigh-Durham-Cary, NC CSA |
50 | Buffalo-Niagara Falls | 1,123,804 | 1,170,111 | style="text-align:right;"|1,170,111 | 1,123,804 | −3.96% | Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY MSA | Buffalo-Niagara-Cattaraugus, NY CSA |
Rujukan
sunting- ^ http://www.census.gov/population/www/metroareas/metroarea.html
- ^ a b "OMB Bulletin No. 10-02: Update of Statistical Area Definitions and Guidance on Their Uses" (PDF). United States Office of Management and Budget. December 1, 2009. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal (PDF) pada 2010-01-15. Dicapai pada March 29, 2010. Ralat petik: Tag
<ref>
tidak sah, nama "OMB_10-02" digunakan secara berulang dengan kandungan yang berbeza
Lihat juga
suntingPautan luar
sunting- US Census Bureau Population Estimates
- Table 1. Annual Estimates of the Population of Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2005
- U.S. Census 2000 Metropolitan Area Rankings; ranked by population
- U.S. Census 2000 Metropolitan Area Rankings
- Definitions of all Metropolitan Statistical Areas, Metropolitan Divisions Diarkibkan 2007-01-15 di Wayback Machine
- U.S. Census Metropolitan Area Estimates (1990s) Diarkibkan 2004-08-13 di Wayback Machine
- U.S. Census Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Area Definitions