Dorothy Hodgkin
Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin OM FRS HonFRSC[8] (12 Mei 1910 - 29 Julai 1994) ialah ahli kimia British yang membangun kristal protein, yang mana beliau memenangi Hadiah Nobel dalam Kimia pada tahun 1964.[8][9]
Dorothy Hodgkin | |
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| Kelahiran | Dorothy Mary Crowfoot 12 Mei 1910 |
| Meninggal dunia | 29 Julai 1994 (umur 84) Ilmington, Warwickshire, England |
| Warganegara | British |
| Pendidikan | Sir John Leman Grammar School |
| Pusat pendidikan |
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| Terkenal kerana |
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| Pasangan | Thomas Lionel Hodgkin (k. 1937) |
| Anak-anak | Luke, Elizabeth, and Toby |
| Anugerah |
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| Kerjaya saintifik | |
| Bidang | Biokimia Kristalografi sinar X |
| Tesis | X-ray crystallography and the chemistry of the sterols (1937) |
| Penasihat kedoktoran | John Desmond Bernal |
| Pelajar kedoktoran | |
| Pelajar lain yang terkenal |
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Beliau memajukan teknik kristalografi sinar X, satu kaedah yang digunakan untuk menentukan struktur tiga dimensi molekul. Antara penemuannya yang paling berpengaruh ialah pengesahan struktur penisilin seperti yang pernah diakui oleh Edward Abraham dan Ernst Boris Chain, dan struktur vitamin B12, yang mana dia menjadi wanita ketiga untuk memenangi Hadiah Nobel dalam Kimia. Pada tahun 1969, selepas 35 tahun bekerja, Hodgkin mampu mentakrifkan struktur insulin.
Beliau dianggap sebagai salah seorang saintis perintis dalam bidang kajian kristalografi sinar-X mengenai biomolekul, yang menjadi alat penting dalam bidang biologi struktur.
Rujukan
sunting- ^ Anon (2014). "EMBO profile Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin". people.embo.org. Heidelberg: European Molecular Biology Organization.
- ^ Howard, Judith Ann Kathleen (1971). The study of some organic crystal structures by neutron diffraction. solo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk (Tesis). University of Oxford. OCLC 500477155.
- ^ Crace, John (2006-09-26). "Judith Howard, Crystal gazing: The first woman to head a five-star chemistry department tells John Crace what attracted her to science". The Guardian. The Guardian. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2017-08-17.
- ^ a b "Chemistry Tree – Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin". academictree.org.
- ^ James, Michael Norman George (1966). X-ray crystallographic studies of some antibiotic peptides. bodleian.ox.ac.uk (Tesis). University of Oxford. OCLC 944386483.
- ^ John Blundell, Margaret Thatcher, A Portrait of The Iron Lady, 2008, pp. 25–27. Degree student, 1943–1947.
- ^ Blundell, T.; Cutfield, J.; Cutfield, S.; Dodson, E.; Dodson, G.; Hodgkin, D.; Mercola, D.; Vijayan, M. (1971). "Atomic positions in rhombohedral 2-zinc insulin crystals". Nature. 231 (5304): 506–11. Bibcode:1971Natur.231..506B. doi:10.1038/231506a0. PMID 4932997.
- ^ a b c Dodson, Guy (2002). "Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin, O.M. 12 May 1910 – 29 July 1994". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 48: 179–219. doi:10.1098/rsbm.2002.0011. ISSN 0080-4606. Templat:Free access
- ^ Glusker, J. P. (1994). "Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin (1910–1994)". Protein Science. 3 (12): 2465–69. doi:10.1002/pro.5560031233. PMC 2142778. PMID 7757003.
Bacaan lanjut
sunting- Papers of Dorothy Hodgkin at the Bodleian Library. Catalogues at Catalogue of the papers and correspondence of Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin, 1828–1993 and Catalogue of the additional papers of Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin, 1919–2003
- Opfell, Olga S. (1978). Lady Laureates : Women Who Have Won the Nobel Prize. Metuchen, NJ & London: Scarecrow Press. m/s. 209–23. ISBN 978-0810811614.
- Dodson, Guy; Glusker, Jenny P.; Sayre, David (eds.) (1981). Structural Studies on Molecules of Biological Interest: A Volume in Honour of Professor Dorothy Hodgkin. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
- Hudson, Gill (1991). "Unfathering the Thinkable: Gender, Science and Pacificism in the 1930s". Science and Sensibility: Gender and Scientific Enquiry, 1780–1945, ed. Marina Benjamin, 264–86. Oxford: Blackwell.
- Royal Society of Edinburgh obituary (author: William Cochran)
- Ferry, Georgina (1998). Dorothy Hodgkin A Life. London: Granta Books.
- Dorothy Hodgkin tells her life story at Web of Stories (video)
- CWP – Dorothy Hodgkin in a study of contributions of women to physics
- Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin: A Founder of Protein Crystallography Diarkibkan 2012-01-12 di Wayback Machine
- Glusker, Jenny P. in Out of the Shadows (2006) – Contributions of 20th Century Women to Physics.
- Encyclopædia Britannica, "Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin" (author: Georgina Ferry, 2014)
- Wolfers, Michael (2007). Thomas Hodgkin – Wandering Scholar: A Biography. Monmouth: Merlin Press.
- Haber, Louis (1979). Women pioneers of science. New York: Harcourt. ISBN 9780152992026. Dicapai pada 20 March 2018.
- Glusker, J.P.; Adams, M.J. (1995). "Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin". Physics Today. 48 (5): 80. Bibcode:1995PhT....48e..80G. doi:10.1063/1.2808036. PMID 7757003.
- Johnson, L.N.; Phillips, D. (1994). "Professor Dorothy Hodgkin, OM, FRS". Nature Structural Biology. 1 (9): 573–76. doi:10.1038/nsb0994-573. PMID 7634095.
- Perutz, Max (1994). "Obituary: Dorothy Hodgkin (1910–94)". Nature. 371 (6492): 20. Bibcode:1994Natur.371...20P. doi:10.1038/371020a0. PMID 7980814.
- Perutz, M. (2009). "Professor Dorothy Hodgkin". Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics. 27 (4): 333–37. doi:10.1017/S0033583500003085. PMID 7784539.